NTRPG.net Board
 
NTRPG.net Board : Powered by vBulletin version 2.2.5 NTRPG.net Board > 日常版务与公告 > 版务与闲聊 > [分享] 历史上的今天
  上一主题   下一主题
作者
正文 发表新主题    回复主题
陈灼 查找更多关于陈灼的帖子
adventurer


注册日期: Nov 2001
来  自: 江淮
发贴数量: 248

[分享] 历史上的今天

July 12, 1957


A NEW AGA KHAN:

The Nizari Ismaili sect of the Shiite Muslims welcomes a new spiritual leader when Prince Karim Al-Hussain of Pakistan is proclaimed Aga Khan IV. Prince Karim's grandfather, Aga Khan III, died the previous day after a 72-year reign.

According to tradition, Aga Khan IV and his predecessors are said to be direct descendants of Ali, the cousin son-in-law of the Prophet Muhammad, and Ali's wife Fatimah, Muhammad's daughter. The supporters of Ali and his successors became known as the Shiites, who comprise the second largest branch of Islam. Upon the death of the sixth imam--or spiritual leader--of the Shiites in A.D. 765, the majority of Shiites supported the succession of his youngest son, Musa al-Kazim. Those who supported the eldest son, Ismail, broke away from the main body of Shiites and became known as the Ismailis.

In the late ninth century, the Qaramitah Ismailis, who claimed direct descent from Ismail, began to establish themselves on the Arabian peninsula and in present-day Iraq. In the 10th century, the Fatimid Ismailis came to power in Tunis and Egypt and built a broad missionary network across the Arab world. In 1094, another schism split the movement over the succession of the Fatimid caliph al-Mustansir. Those who upheld the claims of the older son Nizar became known as the Nazari Ismailis.

Beginning in the late 11th century, the Nizaris began to spread across Persia (Iran) and Syria, and followers of the sect inspired terror throughout the Muslim world for their violence and blind obedience to their spiritual leader. Europeans called them "Assassins" (Arabic for "hashish smoker") for their alleged practice of taking hashish before carrying out political or religious murders. The Nizaris remained in political power until they were displaced by the Mongols and the Mamluks in the 14th century.

The Nizari religion survived, however, and two rival lines competed for the title of imam. By the 19th century, the lesser line had died out. The imam of the surviving Nazari line, Hasan Ali Shah, was governor of the Persian province of Kerman in the early 19th century and was in high favor of the ruler of Persia, Fath Ali Shah. In 1818, the shah conferred on him the title Aga Khan, which means "chief commander." In 1838, Aga Khan I rose up in revolt of the shah's successor, Mohammad Shah, but was defeated and fled to India.

The second Aga Khan reigned for only four years before Aga Khan III, or Sultan Sir Mohammed Shah, came to power in 1885. Aga Khan III became an important leader to all of India's Muslims, not just the Ismailis, and bypassed his own son to pick his grandson as heir. On July 12, 1957, 19-year-old Prince Karim was proclaimed Aga Khan IV.

First criticized as a wealthy jet setter, Aga Khan IV devoted much of his time and money to the development of Nizari Ismaili communities spread throughout Pakistan, India, Iran, Syria, and Africa. A strong leader, he ordered his millions of followers to leave countries in which they were persecuted and to become citizens of nations in which they were allowed to practice their religion freely. The Aga Khan is known for his business acumen and continues his grandfather's successful Thoroughbred-breeding enterprise.


__________________
知我者 谓我心忧
不知我者 谓我何求

向版主报告此贴 | IP地址: 已记录

Old Post 2002-07-12 15:07
陈灼现在离线 点击这里查看陈灼的个人资料 点击这里给陈灼发送一条悄悄话 查找更多关于陈灼的帖子 添加陈灼至你的好友列表   陈灼的QQ号码:41598712 编辑/删除信息 回复/引用
陈灼 查找更多关于陈灼的帖子
adventurer


注册日期: Nov 2001
来  自: 江淮
发贴数量: 248

一个新的 AGA KHAN

翻译/陈灼

巴基斯坦王子Karim Al-Hussain被宣布为穆斯林什叶派Nizari Ismaili流派新的精神领袖Aga Khan 四世。王子的祖父Aga Khan 三世,在前一天以72岁高龄去世。
和他的前辈一样,Aga 可汗四世被认为是Ali的后代,Ali的妻子也就是穆罕默德的妹子。Ali及其继任者的拥护者逐渐发展为伊斯兰教的第二大分支。公元765年,什叶派第六个阿訇或称精神领袖死后,大多数什叶派教徒支持他最年轻的儿子Musa al-Kazim即位。但其他人却支持最大的儿子Ismail, 这样一来它们就从主流什叶派中分流出去成立了新的流派Ismailis。
在公元九世纪晚期,自称是Ismail直系血统的Qaramitah Ismailis在阿拉伯半岛上今伊拉克国内部分定居。 公元十世纪Fatimid Ismailis控制了突尼斯和埃及并在整个阿拉伯世界建立的广泛的传教网络。 1094年,分裂再次诞生在 Fatimid al-Mustansir 哈里发身上。他的大儿子Nizar 建立了广为人知的Nazari Ismailis教派。
从十一世纪开始,Nizaris开始将野心扩大到波斯和叙利亚的领土上,而它的追随者们带着穆斯林教徒特有的对精神领袖盲目崇拜,投入到战争中去。欧洲人称之为"刺客" (阿拉伯语:"麻药熏制者") ,因为他们在执行政治或宗教刺杀活动前通常下麻药。Nizaris教派一直把持着军政大全直到十四世纪蒙古人的铁蹄来临后为止,众所周知的是奴隶骑兵马穆鲁克奇迹般的挡住了蒙古人对埃及和阿拉伯世界的全面洗劫。
Nizari教派幸免于难,但其内部出现了两支争夺阿訇的对手。到了十九世纪时,较小的一支已被淘汰。幸存的Nazari支的阿訇,Hasan Ali Shah,是波斯行省的管理者,并颇得波斯统治者Fath Ali Shah的赏识。1818年, 伊朗王加封他为Aga Khan, 意为"指挥官酋长"。1838, Aga 可汗一世 造了伊朗王继任者Mohammad Shah的反, 被击溃后狼狈的逃往印度。
Aga 可汗二世在Aga 可汗三世前只统治了四年, Aga 可汗三世又称苏丹伯爵穆罕默德伊朗王,于1885年即位。.Aga 可汗三世成为印度大陆穆斯林中最重要的领袖,其影响范围远远超过了smailis教派本身,他直接从孙辈中挑选后嗣。1957年7月12日, 19岁的Karim 王子继任Aga 可汗四世。
最初的批评很快被王子的行为所折服。Aga 可汗四世投入了大量时间和金钱用于Nizari Ismaili教派的发展以及和整个巴基斯坦、印度、伊朗和非洲之间交往。 最能体现期强有力作风的是,他有条不紊的安排了成百万的追随者离开饱受迫害的地方,来到允许宗教信仰自由的国家居住。Aga 可汗因为他对事物的敏锐和继承祖父成功而有高尚教养的事业心而举世瞩目。


__________________
知我者 谓我心忧
不知我者 谓我何求

最后由 陈灼 在 2002-07-12 16:04 编辑

向版主报告此贴 | IP地址: 已记录

Old Post 2002-07-12 16:00
陈灼现在离线 点击这里查看陈灼的个人资料 点击这里给陈灼发送一条悄悄话 查找更多关于陈灼的帖子 添加陈灼至你的好友列表   陈灼的QQ号码:41598712 编辑/删除信息 回复/引用
陈灼 查找更多关于陈灼的帖子
adventurer


注册日期: Nov 2001
来  自: 江淮
发贴数量: 248

援助生命音乐会
翻译/陈灼
1985年7月13日,在伦敦Wembley露天运动场,查尔斯王子和戴安娜王妃举行了一场官方的援助生命活动,通过组织一场世界范围内的摇滚音乐会来救助饱受饥荒侵害的非洲。这场被称为“超级音乐会”的活动在地球另一边的费城继续上演,总共持续了16个小时之久,通过卫星全世界110个国家有超过十亿人收看了该盛典。作为一项成功的大型慈善行动,这次活动为援助非洲饥荒共募捐了125,000,000美元。

援助生命是由爱尔兰摇滚乐队 Boomtown Rats的 Bob Geldof提出的。 1984年,在听到关于埃塞俄比亚正在发生令人震惊的夺取成千上万生命的大饥荒并可能威胁到百万人生命的新闻后,他前往了该地。再回到伦敦后,他召集了英国和爱尔兰最顶尖的流行艺术家们一起为减轻埃塞俄比亚大饥荒而灌制一首歌曲。“他们知道今天是圣诞节么?”由Geldof 和Ultravox 乐队的Midge Ure 作词并由“联合援助小组”共同表演,并由这些乐队共同表演,Culture Club, Duran Duran, Phil Collins, U2, Wham!等等。在当时,这张唱片成为英国销量最高的唱片并获得了超过一千万美元的收入。

“他们知道今天是圣诞节么?”在美国同样成为销量第一的唱片。美国的流行音乐艺术家们也联合起来加入到这场活动中来。“世界是我们的”由迈克尔·杰克逊和莱昂内尔·里奇作词。"美利坚和非洲" 作为美国联合演唱小组而闻名,由 Jackson, Ritchie, Geldof, Harry Belafonte, Bob Dylan, Cyndi Lauper, Paul Simon, Bruce Springsteen, Tina Turner, Stevie Wonder等许多明星共同组成。这张唱片很快跃居销售帮第一名并最终获得了超过四千四百万美元的收入。

由于埃塞俄比亚的危机愈来愈深,并且其邻国苏丹也遭受了饥荒。Geldof 提议举行一场全球性的音乐会以募集更多的援助基金,并让全世界对非洲的现状更加清楚。经过仅十个星期的筹备后,生命援助音乐会在1985年7月13日,星期六举行了。超过75位慈善大使登台演出,包括 Elton John, Madonna, Santana, Run DMC, Sade, Sting, Bryan Adams, the Beach Boys, Mick Jagger, David Bowie, Queen, Duran Duran, U2, the Who, Tom Petty, Neil Young, 以及Eric Clapton。大部分艺术家在位于伦敦拥有70000观众的Wembley 运动场或费城拥有100000观众的JFK 露天运动场演出。十三个卫星定向的进行了电视实况转播,全世界110个国家有超过十亿人收看了该盛典。世界上40%的国家在长期电视节目中加入了宣传非洲饥荒的内容。

音乐会上有很多难忘的瞬间。如 Phil Collins在费城的演出,他是刚刚在伦敦演出完后立即乘坐协和式飞机赶来的。他随后在齐柏林飞艇幸存者重聚会上作了演出。摩登女保罗·麦卡妮(Paul McCartney)和 Who乐队的 Pete Townsend在伦敦的最后一场演出中将Bob Geldof 扛到了他们的肩膀上。最后的演出是集体演唱“他们知道今天是圣诞节么?”六个小时后,美国那边也以合唱“世界是我们的”结束了音乐会。

生命援助最终为非洲遭受饥荒的国家筹集了127,000,000美元,并引起了公众的广泛关注,使得西方国家拿出剩余粮食来结束在非洲的饥饿危机。 Geldof 不久被伊丽莎白二世授予爵士爵位。

原文:
LIVE AID CONCERT:

On July 13, 1985, at Wembley Stadium in London, Prince Charles and Princess Diana officially open Live Aid, a worldwide rock concert organized to raise money for the relief of famine-stricken Africans. Continued at JFK Stadium in Philadelphia and at other arenas around the world, the 16-hour "superconcert" was globally linked by satellite to more than a billion viewers in 110 nations. In a triumph of technology and good will, the event raised more than $125 million in famine relief for Africa.

Live Aid was the brainchild of Bob Geldof, the singer of an Irish rock group called the Boomtown Rats. In 1984, Geldof traveled to Ethiopia after hearing news reports of a horrific famine that had killed hundreds of thousands of Ethiopians and threatened to kill millions more. After returning to London, he called Britain's and Ireland's top pop artists together to record a single to benefit Ethiopian famine relief. "Do They Know It's Christmas?" was written by Geldof and Ultravox singer Midge Ure and performed by "Band Aid," an ensemble that featured Culture Club, Duran Duran, Phil Collins, U2, Wham!, and others. It was the best-selling single in Britain to that date and raised more than $10 million.

"Do They Know It's Christmas?" was also a No. 1 hit in the United States and inspired U.S. pop artists to come together and perform "We Are the World," a song written by Michael Jackson and Lionel Ritchie. "USA for Africa," as the U.S. ensemble was known, featured Jackson, Ritchie, Geldof, Harry Belafonte, Bob Dylan, Cyndi Lauper, Paul Simon, Bruce Springsteen, Tina Turner, Stevie Wonder, and many others. The single went to the top of the charts and eventually raised $44 million.

With the crisis continuing in Ethiopia, and the neighboring Sudan also stricken with famine, Geldof proposed Live Aid, an ambitious global charity concert aimed at raising more funds and increasing awareness of the plight of many Africans. Organized in just 10 weeks, Live Aid was staged on Saturday, July 13, 1985. More than 75 acts performed, including Elton John, Madonna, Santana, Run DMC, Sade, Sting, Bryan Adams, the Beach Boys, Mick Jagger, David Bowie, Queen, Duran Duran, U2, the Who, Tom Petty, Neil Young, and Eric Clapton. The majority of these artists performed at either Wembley Stadium in London, where a crowd of 70,000 turned out, or at Philadelphia's JFK Stadium, where 100,000 watched. Thirteen satellites beamed a live television broadcast of the event to more than one billion viewers in 110 countries. More than 40 of these nations held telethons for African famine relief during the broadcast.

A memorable moment of the concert was Phil Collins' performance in Philadelphia after flying by Concorde from London, where he performed at Wembley earlier in the day. He later played drums in a reunion of the surviving members of Led Zeppelin. Beatle Paul McCartney and the Who's Pete Townsend held Bob Geldof aloft on their shoulders during the London finale, which featured a collective performance of "Do They Know It's Christmas?" Six hours later, the U.S. concert ended with "We Are the World."

Live Aid eventually raised $127 million in famine relief for African nations, and the publicity it generated encouraged Western nations to make available enough surplus grain to end the hunger crisis in Africa. Geldof was later knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for his efforts


__________________
知我者 谓我心忧
不知我者 谓我何求

最后由 陈灼 在 2002-07-13 12:41 编辑

向版主报告此贴 | IP地址: 已记录

Old Post 2002-07-13 12:38
陈灼现在离线 点击这里查看陈灼的个人资料 点击这里给陈灼发送一条悄悄话 查找更多关于陈灼的帖子 添加陈灼至你的好友列表   陈灼的QQ号码:41598712 编辑/删除信息 回复/引用
neunundneunzig 查找更多关于neunundneunzig的帖子
peasant


注册日期: May 2002
来  自:
发贴数量: 20

你在干吗?

向版主报告此贴 | IP地址: 已记录

Old Post 2002-07-13 15:23
neunundneunzig现在离线 点击这里查看neunundneunzig的个人资料 查找更多关于neunundneunzig的帖子 添加neunundneunzig至你的好友列表 编辑/删除信息 回复/引用
陈灼 查找更多关于陈灼的帖子
adventurer


注册日期: Nov 2001
来  自: 江淮
发贴数量: 248

闲得发黄


__________________
知我者 谓我心忧
不知我者 谓我何求

向版主报告此贴 | IP地址: 已记录

Old Post 2002-07-14 08:39
陈灼现在离线 点击这里查看陈灼的个人资料 点击这里给陈灼发送一条悄悄话 查找更多关于陈灼的帖子 添加陈灼至你的好友列表   陈灼的QQ号码:41598712 编辑/删除信息 回复/引用
蚕宝宝 查找更多关于蚕宝宝的帖子
The Psychotic


注册日期: Nov 2001
来  自: Land of the Dead
发贴数量: 828

引用:
最初由 陈灼 发表
闲得发黄


光驱还没找到么?

向版主报告此贴 | IP地址: 已记录

Old Post 2002-07-14 08:49
蚕宝宝现在离线 点击这里查看蚕宝宝的个人资料 点击这里给蚕宝宝发送一条悄悄话 查找更多关于蚕宝宝的帖子 添加蚕宝宝至你的好友列表   蚕宝宝的QQ号码:483439 编辑/删除信息 回复/引用
陈灼 查找更多关于陈灼的帖子
adventurer


注册日期: Nov 2001
来  自: 江淮
发贴数量: 248

没有。。。。。拆开了机子,发现线路两头都有东西阿


__________________
知我者 谓我心忧
不知我者 谓我何求

向版主报告此贴 | IP地址: 已记录

Old Post 2002-07-14 08:55
陈灼现在离线 点击这里查看陈灼的个人资料 点击这里给陈灼发送一条悄悄话 查找更多关于陈灼的帖子 添加陈灼至你的好友列表   陈灼的QQ号码:41598712 编辑/删除信息 回复/引用
全部时间为北京时间. 现在时间是 04:13. 发表新主题    回复主题
  上一主题   下一主题
快速回复主题
标题: (可选)
选项:
自动分析URL地址
邮件回复通知
显示签名


显示可打印版本 | 将本页发送给朋友 | 订阅该主题

论坛跳转:
 

论坛规定:
你不可以发表新主题
你不可以回复主题
你不可以上传附件
你不可以编辑自己的帖子
HTML代码关闭
vB代码开启
表情符号开启
贴图代码[img]开启
 
Copyright ©2001 CNVBB.COM. - Translated and hacked by: -=CNVBB=- - 联系我们